25 September 1999 |
WHEREAS concern has been expressed about the possibility that Joseph Mengele, an alleged Nazi war criminal, may have entered or attempted to enter Canada; WHEREAS there is also concern that other persons responsible for war crimes related to the activities of Nazi Germany during World War II (hereinafter referred to as war criminals) are currently resident in Canada; In Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 17 |
Mengele, employing the alias of Dr. Joseph Menke, applied to the Canadian embassy in Buenos
Aires for admission to Canada as a landed immigrant in late May or early June, 1962.
In Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 67 |
The documents we received on Mengele, who has been the object of world-wide search since the close of WW II, produced two shocking pieces of information.
In Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 67 |
Other records indicate that Mengele applied to the Canadian Embassy in Buenos Aires for a Canadian visa in 1962 under a pseudonym and that the Canadians informed American intelligence officials of this attempt.
In Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 67 |
[T]he Commission must say that it takes a dim view of the attitude of Mr. Littman. [...] Littman was, therefore, put on notice [by his own research] that, in view of the paucity of available information, it was dangerous to make the assumptions with which he was playing. [...] There is no documentary evidence whatsoever of an attempt by Dr. Joseph Mengele to seek admission to Canada from Buenos Aires in 1962. The affirmation has come from Mr. Sol Littman, and from him alone. [...] The advice which Littman solicited [in the course of his own research] [...] did not support his assumptions, but put him on notice about their fragility. As stated at the outset, all that Littman could rely on was "speculation, impression, possibility, hypothesis". Yet he chose to transmute them into statements of facts which he publicized [...]. This is a case where not a shred of evidence has been tendered to support Mr. Littman's statement to the Prime Minister of Canada on 20 December 1984, or Mr. Ralph Blumenthal's article in the New York Times on 23 January 1985. Indeed Mr. Littman has stated before the Commission:
The Commission accordingly FINDS without the slightest hesitation that:
Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, pp. 80-82 |
DATE | SOURCE | PLACE OF PUBLICATION | NUMBER OF ALLEGED WAR CRIMINALS LIVING IN CANADA |
19May71 | Simon Wiesenthal | Toronto Star | Several hundred |
24Jan84 | Sol Littman | London Free Press | 2,000 |
08Nov84 | Sol Littman | Toronto Star | 3,000 |
25Jan85 | Sol Littman | Toronto Star | 3,000 |
23Aug85 | Sol Littman | Report to Solicitor General | 2-3,000 |
16May86 | Simon Wiesenthal | New York Daily News | 6,000 |
Between 1971 and 1986, public statements by outside interveners concerning alleged war
criminals residing in Canada have spread increasingly large and grossly exaggerated figures as to their estimated number [...] [among them] the figure of 6,000 ventured in 1986 by Mr. Simon Wiesenthal [...].
Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 249 |
The Commission has ascertained from the New York Daily News that this figure is correct and is
not the result of a printing error.
Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 247 |
The high level reached by some of those figures, together with the wide discrepancy between them, contributed to create both revulsion and interrogation.
Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 245 |
It was obvious that the list of 217 officers of the Galicia Division furnished by Mr. Wiesenthal was
nearly totally useless and put the Canadian government, through the RCMP and this Commission, to a considerable amount of purposeless work.
Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 258 |
The Commission has tried repeatedly to obtain the incriminating evidence allegedly in Mr. Wiesenthal's possession, through various oral and written communications with Mr. Wiesenthal himself and with his solicitor, Mr. Martin Mendelsohn of Washington, D.C., but to no avail: telephone calls, letters, even a meeting in New York between Mr. Wiesenthal and Commission Counsel on 1 November 1985 followed up by further direct communications, have succeeded in bringing no positive results, outside of promises.
Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 257 |
CASE NO. 73. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by Mr. Sol Littman. Mr. Littman made no particular allegation against the subject, but referred to information obtained from a particular individual as the source of the subject's name. Mr. Littman further indicated that the subject resided at an unspecified address in Canada and had been the object of an extradition request by the government of an Eastern European country. No particulars of this alleged extradition request were provided. [...] The Commission confirmed that an extradition request had not been received by the Canadian government and that the Berlin Document Center had no record on the subject. |
CASE NO. 121. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the RCMP, whose source of information was the Department of the Solicitor General which, in turn, had received the information from a private citizen. It was alleged that this individual may have been a doctor who experimented on concentration camp prisoners. [...] The interview established that the complainant was not in a position to place the subject in a Nazi war camp nor was she in possession of names of witnesses able to connect the subject with wartime criminal activities. [...] [T]he subject would have been only 15 to 20 years old during the war, hardly an age to have the position suggested above. |
CASE NO. 122. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by an anonymous note. The only allegation initially made was that the subject was a war criminal and was living at a certain address in Canada. [...] [T]he evidence [...] indicates the individual has lived all his life in Canada and was drafted into the Canadian army for a short time in 1942. |
CASE NO. 133. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the RCMP, whose source of information was Mr. Sol Littman. It was alleged that the subject under investigation had been a member of the SS. [...] These investigations revealed that the subject was born in 1933 and would therefore have been between 6 and 12 years of age during the war. |
CASE NO. 156. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by Mr. Sol Littman. Mr. Littman alleged only that the subject had been a "propagandist for the party." When contacted by the Commission, Mr. Littman indicated that he had no further evidence or information. [...] On the basis of the foregoing [itemized investigation], no evidence of participation in or knowledge of specific war crimes is available. |
CASE NO. 158. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by a private citizen. The only allegation initially made was that the subject was a war criminal because he was so wealthy and of German background. [...] The Commission was advised [by several German sources] that it had a record of the subject which indicated his membership in the Luftwaffe (air force). |
CASE NO. 171. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by [...] the Jewish Documentation Centre in Vienna. [...] According to the year of birth, this person would have been only five or six years old at the end of World War II. |
CASE NO. 179. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by an anonymous letter. The allegation initially made was that the subject was the owner of a shop who behaved curiously regarding the sources of the store's goods. [...] The subject is the spouse of the individual who is reported in Case No. 180. Both were denounced in the same anonymous letter. [...] The Commission checked the shop itself and concluded that the complaint is entirely spurious and unfounded. |
CASE NO. 180. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by an anonymous letter. The only allegation initially made was that the subject was the owner of a shop who behaved curiously regarding the sources of the store's goods. [...] The Commission also checked the shop itself and concluded that the complaint is entirely spurious and unfounded. |
CASE NO. 190. This family's surname was brought to the attention of the Commission by Mr. David Matas [chairman of the Jewish National Legal Committee], whose source of information was an anonymous letter claiming the family came from a foreign country and deserved investigation because they were "recluses." There was no specific allegation of involvement in war crimes made against this family. |
CASE NO. 202. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the Canadian Jewish Congress, whose source of information was a private citizen. There was no specific allegation of involvement in war crimes made against this individual, and the information received was irrational. [...] The Commission contacted the wife of the subject, who stated that she did not know the citizen (who made the allegation) and that her husband never had any business dealings with a person by that name. The Commission also tried to locate the complainant but to no avail. |
CASE NO. 247. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the Canadian Jewish Congress, whose source of information was a private citizen. There was no specific allegation of involvement in war crimes made against the individual. [...] The Commission was advised by the German Military Service Office [...] that it had a record of a person with the same name as the subject, which indicated that he was a pilot in the Allied Air Force and had been taken prisoner by the Germans. |
CASE NO. 269. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the Canadian Jewish Congress, whose source of information was a private citizen. It was alleged that this individual is a physician whose physical description resembles that of the notorious war criminal Dr. Mengele. [...] Personal data of the subject taken from various documentation reveal the following in comparison with the information contained in the Commission file with respect to Dr. Mengele: | ||||
Year of Birth Height Weight Eyes Face Chin |
Subject 1913 6'3"+ 195-215 lbs Blue Oval (from Photo) — |
Dr. Mengele 1911 5'8"+ Medium build Brown Round Round |
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In addition, the picture of the subject appearing in the various documents received, does not suggest that he resembles Dr. Mengele. All other search responses were negative. |
CASE NO. 431. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the RCMP, whose source of information was Mr. Sol Littman. Mr. Littman had forwarded a letter to the RCMP from a private individual. It was alleged in the letter that the subject under investigation had been in charge of an unnamed camp and was believed to have shot civilians. [...] The Commission interviewed the individual who submitted the subject's name to Mr. Littman and was advised that this individual had subsequently determined that the subject under investigation had been a prisoner of war and further that the complaint was unfounded. |
CASE NO. 433. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the RCMP, whose source of information was an anonymous informant. The only allegation made was that the subject was "a possible German involved in war crimes". No specific allegation or evidence against the subject was provided. [...] The Commission reviewed material available from the RCMP and CSIS, which determined that the subject was born in 1933, and for that reason could not have been involved in the commission of war crimes between 1939 and 1945. |
CASE NO. 526. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the Canadian Jewish Congress, whose source of information was a private individual. It was alleged that the subject under investigation might be Dr. Josef Mengele. [...] The Department of External Affairs reported that it had a record in respect of the individual, but that the individual had been born in 1928 in Canada [...]. [...] Furthermore, the subject's name is not one of the aliases used from time to time by Josef Mengele. |
CASE NO. 561. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the RCMP, whose source of information was the Canadian Jewish Congress. It was alleged that the subject was responsible for the deaths of "hundreds of Jews." No specific evidence of the alleged war crimes was provided. [...] Records of the Department of Employment and Immigration [...] indicate that the subject was born in 1941 [...]. |
CASE NO. 588.1. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by the RCMP, who were investigating the suspicions of the Department of Employment and Immigration officials that the individual might be older than he claims and might be hiding a questionable past, which may have involved the Nazi Party. [...] It was verified [through various investigations] that the subject is indeed who he claims to be and that he was indeed born in 1929. He was barely 10 years old at the start of the war. |
CASE NO. 658. This individual was brought to the attention of the Commission by Mr. Sol Littman and the Canadian Jewish Congress. Mr. Littman indicated that he had no specific allegation to evidence that this individual had been involved in war crimes, and the source of his information was the Canadian Jewish Congress. The Canadian Jewish Congress indicated that this individual was alleged by an unnamed source to have been a member of the Gestapo in an Eastern European country. [...] The Commission located the subject in Canada in 1986. [...] The Commission determined that [...] he was a member of the Luftwaffe. |
A single example: the denunciation as war criminals of a couple bearing a German name, living in a secluded place under the protection of two black dogs and offering old European furniture for sale (cases 179 and 180).
Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 249 |
[T]he Commission forwarded, with one exception, the names of all its Master List suspects to the Department of Employment and Immigration with a request that the department advise if it had any record of landing in Canada. The exception was a list of thirty names which were not pursued because the very nature of the allegation was so insubstantial that any follow-up was inappropriate: e.g., individuals too young to have participated in the war, instances where the cause of suspicion was limited to the suspect's appearance, ethnic background, etc.
Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 49 |
For the protection of reputations, the Commission has made it a duty not to divulge any of those names and has enjoined parties appearing before it in public sittings to adhere to the same policy. The Commission has received general understanding and co-operation in this respect, though Mr. Sol Littman came very close to breaching this injunction when he gave a press conference in Ottawa and distributed a list of suspects on 30 October 1986.
In Jules Deschênes, Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, 1986, p. 48 |
PUBLIC MISCHIEF / Punishment 140. (1) Every one commits public mischief who, with intent to mislead, causes a peace officer to enter on or continue an investigation by |
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(a) | making a false statement that accuses some other person of having committed an offence; | |
(b) | doing anything intended to cause some other person to be suspected of having committed an offence that the other person has not committed, or to divert suspicion from himself; | |
(c) | reporting that an offence has been committed when it has not been committed; or | |
(d) | reporting or in any other way making it known or causing it to be made known that he or some other person has died when he or that other person has not died. | |
(2) Every one who commits public mischief | ||
(a) | is guilty of an indictable offense and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years; or | |
(b) | is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. |
Grandiose Type. Grandiose delusions usually take the form of the person's being convinced that he or she possesses some great, but unrecognized, talent or insight, or has made some important discovery, which he or she may take to various governmental agencies (e.g., the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the U.S. Patent Office). Less common is the delusion that one has a special relationship with a prominent person, such as being the daughter of a movie star or an advisor to the President, or that one is the prominent person, in which case the actual person, if alive, is regarded as an impostor. Grandiose delusions may have a religious content, and people with these delusions can become leaders of religious cults. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Third Edition — Revised), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, 1987, p. 200 |
Persecutory Type. This is the most common type. The persecutory delusion may be simple or elaborate, and usually involves a single theme or series of connected themes, such as being conspired against, cheated, spied upon, followed, poisoned or drugged, maliciously maligned, harassed, or obstructed in the pursuit of long-term goals. Small slights may be exaggerated and become the focus of a delusional system. In certain cases the focus of the delusion is some injustice that must be remedied by legal action ("querulous paranoia"), and the affected person often engages in repeated attempts to obtain satisfaction by appeal to the courts and other government agencies. People with persecutory delusions are often resentful and angry, and may resort to violence against those they believe are hurting them.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Third Edition — Revised), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, 1987, p. 200 |